Laws & Supports

উচ্চ আদালতের নজির

Dhaka Law Report

DLR

Criminal Appeal 2014

In cross examination- Declined: PW.2- MD. Harun or Rashid Khan deposed that on 22.10.2003 Investigating Officer Abu Bakar Siddique went to Agrani Bank, Green Road Branch and seized some papers and documents. The investigation officer prepared seizure list in his presence which was marked as Exhibit-1 and his signature as Exhibit-1/2. In Cross Examination, he replied that he had no knowledge about the seized documents in the seizure list. P.

Law & Research Colum

Legal Concepts:
Legal concepts are fundamental building blocks in the field of law. They serve as the foundation for legal doctrine and are essential for shaping legal rules and standards. Let’s delve into what legal concepts are and their significance: Definition and Role: Legal concepts encompass terms and ideas that underpin legal norms. These concepts are used to formulate rules, standards, and principles within the legal system. They play a crucial role in legal reasoning, interpretation, and decision-making. Legal professionals rely on these concepts to navigate complex legal issues. Types of Legal Concepts: L-concepts (Integral Concepts): These are concepts that are an inherent part of the law itself. They directly contribute to the content of legal norms. Examples include terms like “right,” “duty,” “power,” “privilege,” “liability,” and “immunity.” J-concepts (Professional Vocabulary): These concepts belong to the specialized vocabulary used by lawyers and jurists. They facilitate legal analysis, argumentation, and communication

Determining Conceptual Content: Rather than assuming that legal terms have an independent meaning, we should focus on the norms containing these terms. Legal concepts derive their meaning from the legal norms in which they appear. By embedding concepts within norms, we establish their content. Intermediate legal concepts—those conveying both legal consequences and preconditions for further legal effects—are particularly important for investigation. Inferential Meaning: Legal concepts gain significance through the inferences they enable. Understanding how legal norms use these concepts is essential. For instance, consider concepts related to European contract law or marriage ceremonies. Their semantics are critical for legal interpretation and application. In summary, legal concepts are not static; they evolve with legal history and adapt to changing norms. By grasping their inferential meaning, legal professionals enhance their understanding of the law and its practical implications

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Fundamental Rights:
Fundamental rights are basic human rights enshrined in the Constitution of India, guaranteed to all citizens. These rights are applied without discrimination based on factors such as race, religion, or gender. Significantly, fundamental rights are enforceable by the courts, subject to certain conditions12. Here are the six fundamental rights recognized in the Indian Constitution: Right to Equality (Articles 14-18): Article 14: Ensures equality before the law. Article 15: Prohibits discrimination based on religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth. Article 16: Guarantees equality of opportunity in matters of public employment. Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22): Article 19: Protects freedom of speech and expression, assembly, association, movement, and residence. Article 20: Safeguards against self-incrimination and double jeopardy. Article 21: Ensures right to life and personal liberty. Right against Exploitation (Articles 23-24): Article 23: Prohibits human trafficking, forced labor, and child labor. Article 24: Forbids employment of children in hazardous industries. Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28): Article 25: Grants freedom of conscience and the right to profess, practice, and propagate religion. Article 26: Allows religious denominations to manage their own affairs. Article 27: Prohibits state funding of religious institutions. Article 28: Prevents religious instruction in state-funded educational institutions.

Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29-30): Article 29: Protects the rights of minorities to conserve their culture, language, and script. Article 30: Grants minorities the right to establish and administer educational institutions. Right to Constitutional Remedies: Article 32: Provides the right to move the Supreme Court for the enforcement of fundamental rights. Article 226: Corresponding provision for High Courts. These fundamental rights are essential for upholding the dignity, freedom, and equality of every Indian citizen. They serve as a cornerstone of our democratic system and ensure justice and fairness in society.

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